Fish farming systems are an important part of aquaculture, The practice of raising aquatic animals and plants for food. These systems provide a sustainable way to produce fish, shellfish, and other seafood in a controlled environment. The technology used in fish farming systems has evolved greatly over the years, making it more efficient and cost effective. This article will discuss the different types of fish farming systems available, and its advantages and disadvantages, In addition to its potential use cases.
Cultivation systems and methods
The choice of the culture system and the method used in the project is also an important factor when starting any fish farming project. Some sites are suitable for a particular culture method or system and may not be suitable for other systems. This depends on the site and its specifications. For the marine location, It is suitable for floating cages for finfish culture, Or longlines and pontoons for the cultivation of marine algae and shellfish. While the wild sites are suitable for establishing earthen ponds for raising shrimp or fish, or for establishing closed systems if the site area is small.
It is also possible to use the intensive culture system, Semi-intensive or extensive, depending on the available space on the site. In sites with small areas, intensive culture may be used. While sites with large areas use semi-intensive or large-scale culture. These systems differ from each other according to the amount of storage of the cultured organism per unit area.
| Type | conventional farming | Semi-intensive culture | Intensive farming |
| System overview | This type of culture depends on natural food inside the water, such as zooplankton, plants and other organisms, and this type of system does not require many inputs that are used inside ponds. | This type of farming is intermediate between extensive farming and intensive farming, as it is based on both natural and industrial food, and the percentage of available water culture is less than extensive farming and more than intensive farming, and also the density of fish is higher than the extensive system and less than the intensive system. In this system, fish are raised. In basins equipped with larry holes and drainage | This system relies on industrial feeds with integrated nutrients. This type of culture is in which fish are raised in large numbers in small ponds, often made of cement or fiberglass. This system requires constantly changing the water to ensure its cleanliness in addition to good signaling, in order to address the problems of false oxygen in the water. The waters result in the presence of a large stock of fish |
| Positives | – Reducing employment – The possibility of using various cages – Rely on less expensive nutrition – You can start with low capital | The possibility of producing large numbers of fish using some animal waste in fish production | Increasing the number of fish production Ease of cleaning the ponds to get rid of unwanted plants and weeds Characterized by the ease of controlling and managing the farm well |
| Negatives | – Productivity is poor – The sizes of the fish are small | It needs water greatly, and the use of fertilizers helps to reduce the oxygen deficiency in the water that fish need. The emergence of some parasitic diseases as a result of fertilizers | It needs high capital, increased labor force, easy spread of diseases as a result of the high density of ponds, feeding on a balanced industrial feed system |
| Number of fish per cubic metre | 1-3 | 2-5 | 10-200 |